Cohort, cross sectional, and case-control studies are collectively referred to as observational studies. Often these studies are the only practicable method of studying various problems, for example, ...

Triage is a process that is critical to the effective management of modern emergency departments. Triage systems aim, not only to ensure clinical justice for the patient, but also to provide an ...

Emergency Department, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, 51 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, EH16 4SA Correspondence to: Dr M J Reed Emergency Department, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, 51 Little France ...

An in vivo experimental study was performed of the temperatures produced by a setting plaster cast using hot and cold water. The results confirmed a statistical difference in the temperatures reached ...

Introduction Occupational stress is a major modern health and safety challenges. While the ED is known to be a high-pressure environment, the specific organisational stressors which affect ED staff ...

Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of bedside lung ultrasound and chest radiography (CXR) in patients with suspected pneumonia compared with CT scan and final ...

Background Exit block (or access block) occurs when ‘patients in the ED requiring inpatient care are unable to gain access to appropriate hospital beds within a reasonable time frame’. Exit block is ...

Correspondence to Matt Wilkinson-Stokes, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry, and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia; matt.wilkinson-stokes{at}outlook.com ...

Background and objectives: In the Boarders in the Emergency Department (BED) study the impact of overcrowding due to boarders on patients’ mortality and the likelihood of being diagnosed with ...

Background: In a resource poor setting with poverty, a high burden of disease and critically low medical staff numbers, triage could potentially improve the long waiting times experienced at South ...

Background Previous studies have indicated that crowding within the emergency department (ED) is associated with longer lengths of stay in the ED and higher mortality. Boarding, the time patients ...

Background Older patients living with frailty have an increased risk for adverse events. The Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS) is a 9-point frailty assessment instrument that has shown promise to identify ...